Friction sash fixture



Nov. 22, 1932. CUMMINGS 1,888,345

FRICTION SASH FIXTURE Filed March 27, 1929 INVENTOR. EM.Gwmvuxms. '5

A TTORNE YS.

Patented Nov. 22, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC EARLE W. CUMMINGS OFLOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA,.ASSIGNOR TO WATEBTITE CASE- MENT HARDWARE 60.,OF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION 01 CALIFORNIA FRICTION SASHFIXTURE Application filed March 27, 1929. Serial No. 350,272.

This invention relates to pivot fixtures for window sash of the swingingtype such as casement or transom sash, and wherein the sash swingseither inwardly or outwardly on the fixtures in place of hinges.

The objects of the invention are to provide a fixture of the kindmentioned which will be applicable to any of the types of swingingwindows, and which will hold the sash more firmly than prior fixtures byreason of a special friction joint embodied in the device.

In the drawing accompanying this application Fig. 1 is a plan view of aportion of awindow sill and sash mounted on my im proved fixture andshown partly opened, and also in dotted line fully opened.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the fixture of Fig. 1 in the position it wouldoccupy if the window sash were closed, the sash and sill being omittedin this View.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the fixture of Fig. 2 also with windowsash and sill omitted.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross section of one of the friction joints of thefixture as seen from the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the preferred joint spring.

In the drawing 1 is the window sill or frame in which the sash ismounted. 2 represents the sash mounted to open and close in the frame bymeans of my fixture. The fixture comprises a frame or sill plate 3adapted to be secured to the window frame or sill by any suitable meanssuch as the screws 4, and a plate 5 adapted to be secured to the edge ofthe sash by any suitable means, and links 6 and 7 pivotally connected atopposite ends to plates 3 and 5 respectively. It is understood that acomplete fixture as shown is used at two opposite edges of each sash,either top and bottom or at the sides.

Link 6 is considerably longer than link 7 as shown so that when the sashis fully opened to the dotted position indicated at X in the drawing thecenter of pivot 8 will go beyond the'center of pivot 9' and thusstabilize the sash in open position, as the parts then stop solidlyagainst one another.

Pivot 8 and pivot 11 are in this showin plain rivets preferably ofnon-rustable meta while pivots 9 and 10 are of especial construction toinduce a heavy friction on the joints so as to firmlyhold the window atany point of adjustment.

In Fig. 4 the internal construction of the joint is shown and in whichit will be seen that between the link 6 and plate 3 is a cup member 12preferably made out of brass or bronze, and within which cup member is apair of disk springs 13 placed in opposed relation to one another andbearing respectively against the bottom of the cup 12 and the plate 3 soas to force the cup outward and tightly clamp the link 6 between therelatively large head 10 of the rivet and the cup, it being understoodthat the link 6 is free to turn on the rivet, and the rivet beingshouldered and immovably riveted to the lower plate 3 as indicated.

Joint 9 is of the same construction as the joint just described and thelevers are so positioned that the levers or links lie parallel with oneanother when the fixture is closed to the position shown in Figs. 2 and3, and in Fig. 3 it will be observed that links 6 and 7 are also offsetslightly at the points 6 and 7' so as to provide a flat space to revolveupon and yet clear the members when folded so that there will be nointerference between any slight projection of the screws or rivet headsin the adjacent members.

It is of course evident without further showing in the drawing thatother types of springs, such as a spiral spring for instance, may beused within the cup instead of the disk springs shown, but I have foundthat the disk springs are of great power and give an even pressurearound the entire diameter of the cup which is not the case with thespiral springs.

In considering this structure it should be noted that the rivet 10 beingshouldered insures that the cup 12 will not be clamped between the plate3 and link 6 and that the springs will always be free to exert theirforce uninfluenced by any unknown frictional resistance due to riveting.The joint will therefore always preserve the same frictional resistanceas the movement of the links takes place between the head 10 of therivet and the flat surface of the cup, and these two members preferablybeing of brass or bronze 5 and the links of sherardized or otherwiserust-proofed steel, will always preserve a smooth running joint. Ifdesired, of course the plates and links may also be of brass though theyhave not the strength of the steel links of the same size.

From a consideration of the special joint on my fixture it is evidentthat greater friction can be secured by having the diameters of the cupand large head of the rivet as 15 lar e as possible, or if desired thefrictional sur aces of these members as well as the frictional surfacesof the links may be given any do ee of indentation desired to increasethe holding power, withoutaltering the general manner of functioning ofmy improved joint.

I am aware of course that it has been common practice for years in theoints of levers and under the nuts of bolted structures of all kinds toplace a spring or split washer to induce greater friction, and suchjoints have been applied to window sashes, but such washers in movablejoints have given trouble due to the fact that the washer wears out, andthat the friction of such joints depends on how hard the riveting hasbeen done, also such joints do not give an even friction but pressharder on one side of the joint and are therefore unreliable, whereas inmy joint the friction is absolutely even over the whole surface of thejoint at all times and may be depended upon over a period of many years,and since the springs are enclosed in a waterproof housing they areprotected against the elements and also against the ingress of grit tdestro them.

It is 0 course possible to use other types of springs in my cup jointwith lower efficiency, but my disk springs are especially devised forthe joint to give an even axial pressure and at the same time preventthe cup from turning. This object is attained by notching out thesaucer-shaped disks in several places as at 14 in Fig. and which leavesenough sharp ed es to grip the under-side of the cup and the %ace of thelever or plate between which the springs react. Also to be observed isthat in punching the central holes in the springs an outwardlyprojecting rough edge is left at 15 which interlocks with the edge ofthe opposite spring, and also more or less grips the rivet shank tofurther insure the sprin s, cup, plates and rivet shank against re ativeturning.

While I have shown a fixture with the joint applied to one end each oftwo levers,

it is manifest that it may be applied to all the joints of the levers ifdesired.

I claim:

1. A swinging window mounting comprising a pair of elongated flatattachment plates spaced apart to permit one to be placed over the otherwhen the window is closed, a pair of links between the plates pivoted atopposite ends respectively at spaced points to said plates, meansspacing said links to allow folding thereof between the plates inoverlying position, and a friction means embracing and retarding pivotalmovement of one of said pivots, one of said links being shorter than theother whereby the plates will diverge when the window is opened.

2. A swinging window mounting comprising a pair of elongated flatattachment plates spaced apart to permit one to be placed over the otherwhen the window is closed, a pair of links between the plates pivoted atopposite ends respectively at spaced points to said plates, meansspacing said links to allow folding thereof between the plates inoverlying position, and a friction means embracing and retarding pivotalmovement of one of said pivots at one end only of each link, one of saidlinks being shorter than the other whereby the plates will diverge whenthe window is opened.

3. In a swinging window fixture, two flat plates pivoted together, thepivotal joint comprising a shallow cup between the plates formed with aflat bottom in contact with the inner side of the first of said plates,a pivot pin passing through both plates and cup immovably riveted at oneend to the second plate and rovided with a large head on its other endin flat contact with the outer side of said first plate, a sheet metal sring within the cup forcing same towar said first plate to resilientlyclamp the first plate between the cup and the pin head, and means toprevent relative rotation of said pin, spring and cup.

EARLE W. CUMMINGS.

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